Mullin L S, Reinhardt C F, Hemingway R E
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1979 Jul;40(7):653-8. doi: 10.1080/15298667991430118.
In this study we determined airborne concentrations of Halon 1301 (CBrF3) and the associated blood levels which produce cardiac arrhythmias in dogs. Beagle dogs were exposed by inhalation to Halon 1301 concentrations ranging from 5 to 20% and, after five minutes of exposure, were given epinephrine by intravenous injection (8--10 micrograms/kg). Electrocardiograms were recorded. Serious cardiac arrhythmias were produced with concentrations of 7.5% or greater. A second group of dogs with cannulas surgically implanted in the common carotid artery and external jugular vein were exposed to 5%, 7.5% and 10% Halon 1301 for 60 minutes. The blood concentration of Halon 1301 increased rapidly during the first five minutes of exposure, plateaued within twenty minutes, and declined rapidly after exposure. The mean blood concentrations at equilibrium were directly proportional to airborne concentrations: at a concentration of 5% in air -- arterial 19.2 micrograms/mL, venous 14.6 micrograms/mL; at 7.5% in air -- arterial 30.6 micrograms/mL, venous 28.4 micrograms/mL; and at 10% in air -- arterial 402 micrograms/mL, venous 32.1 microgram/mL. Since there was no rapid increase in blood fluorocarbon concentration after the first five minutes of exposure, it does not seem likely that risk of cardiac sensitization would increase with increased length of exposure to a given concentration.
在本研究中，我们测定了哈龙1301（CBrF₃）的空气浓度以及在犬类中会引发心律失常的相关血液浓度。将比格犬通过吸入暴露于浓度范围为5%至20%的哈龙1301环境中，暴露五分钟后，通过静脉注射给予肾上腺素（8 - 10微克/千克），并记录心电图。当浓度达到7.5%或更高时会引发严重心律失常。第二组通过外科手术在颈总动脉和颈外静脉植入插管的犬类，暴露于5%、7.5%和10%的哈龙1301环境中60分钟。哈龙1301的血液浓度在暴露的前五分钟迅速上升，在二十分钟内达到平稳状态，并在暴露后迅速下降。平衡时的平均血液浓度与空气浓度成正比：空气中浓度为5%时——动脉血19.2微克/毫升，静脉血14.6微克/毫升；空气中浓度为7.5%时——动脉血30.6微克/毫升，静脉血28.4微克/毫升；空气中浓度为10%时——动脉血402微克/毫升，静脉血32.1微克/毫升。由于在暴露的前五分钟后血液中碳氟化合物浓度没有迅速增加，所以对于给定浓度，心脏致敏风险似乎不太可能随着暴露时间的增加而增加。
