Peters L J, Hewitt H B
Br J Cancer. 1974 Apr;29(4):279-91. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1974.68.
Experiments were undertaken to test a new hypothesis for the mechanism underlying the Révész effect. The hypothesis proposes that lethally irradiated (LI) tumour cells enhance the take probability of a small number of transplanted viable (V) tumour cells mixed with them by exerting a thromboplastic effect at the site of injection; local fibrin formation prevents emigration of V cells from the site or secures their survival there. The evidence presented to support this hypothesis is as follows: in the case of 3 isogeneically transplanted tumours, admixed particulate brain extract simulated the effect of LI cells in increasing the take probability of V cells; brain extract simulated the effect of LI cells in greatly delaying the disappearance of (125)IUdR-labelled viable carcinoma cells from the injection site; V cells acquired a raised take probability by their incorporation in fibrin clots; it was confirmed that admixed erythrocytes increased the take probability of V cells; using a newly devised microscopical test for detection of the thromboplastic activity of individual cells, it was found that cell death was almost always required for the display of such activity; lymphocytes and bone marrow cells, ineffective in enhancing the take of V cells, were almost totally devoid of thromboplastic activity. Possible explanations are given for failure of a fibrinogen depleting agent, ancrod (Arvin) to inhibit the Révész effect when administered to recipients. It is concluded that the evidence strongly supports the hypothesis presented whilst seriously weakening the long-standing theories that admixed LI cells act by provision of nutrients or by local quenching of postulated immune reactivity.
开展了实验以检验关于雷维斯效应潜在机制的一个新假说。该假说提出，受到致死剂量照射的（LI）肿瘤细胞通过在注射部位发挥促凝血作用，提高了与之混合的少量移植的存活（V）肿瘤细胞的植入概率；局部纤维蛋白形成可防止V细胞从该部位移出或确保它们在那里存活。支持这一假说的证据如下：在3种同基因移植肿瘤的情况下，混合的颗粒状脑提取物模拟了LI细胞在提高V细胞植入概率方面的作用；脑提取物模拟了LI细胞在极大延迟（125）IUdR标记的存活癌细胞从注射部位消失方面的作用；V细胞通过掺入纤维蛋白凝块而获得更高的植入概率；已证实混合的红细胞提高了V细胞的植入概率；使用新设计的用于检测单个细胞促凝血活性的显微镜试验，发现几乎总是需要细胞死亡才能表现出这种活性；淋巴细胞和骨髓细胞在增强V细胞植入方面无效，几乎完全没有促凝血活性。对于向受体给药时纤维蛋白原消耗剂安克洛（Arvin）未能抑制雷维斯效应的情况给出了可能的解释。得出的结论是，证据有力地支持了所提出的假说，同时严重削弱了长期存在的理论，即混合的LI细胞通过提供营养或通过局部消除假定的免疫反应性起作用。
