Wang H L, Vespa J B, Hesseltine C W
Appl Microbiol. 1974 May;27(5):906-11. doi: 10.1128/am.27.5.906-911.1974.
Growth conditions for maximum protease production by Rhizopus oligosporus, Mucor dispersus, and Actinomucor elegans, used in Oriental food fermentations, were investigated. Enzyme yields by all three fungi were higher in solid substrate fermentations than in submerged culture. The level of moisture in solid substrate must be at about 50 to 60%. Very little growth of these fungi was noted when the moisture of substrate was below 35%, whereas many fungi including most storage fungi generally grow well on solid substrate with that level of moisture. Among the three substrates tested-wheat bran, wheat, and soybeans-wheat bran was the most satisfactory one for enzyme production. The optimal conditions for maximum enzyme production of the three fungi grown on wheat bran were: R. oligosporus, 50% moisture at 25 C for 3 to 4 days; M. dispersus, 50 to 63% moisture at 25 C for 3 to 4 days; A. elegans, 50 to 63% moisture at 20 C for 3 days. Because these fungi are fast growing and require high moisture for growth and for enzyme synthesis, the danger of contamination by toxin-producing fungi would be minimal.
研究了用于东方食品发酵的少孢根霉、分散毛霉和雅致放射毛霉产生最大量蛋白酶的生长条件。在固体基质发酵中，这三种真菌的酶产量均高于深层培养。固体基质中的水分含量必须约为50%至60%。当基质水分低于35%时，这些真菌几乎没有生长，而包括大多数贮藏真菌在内的许多真菌通常在该水分含量的固体基质上生长良好。在所测试的三种基质——麦麸、小麦和大豆中，麦麸是最适合产酶的。在麦麸上生长的这三种真菌产生最大量酶的最佳条件为：少孢根霉，25℃、水分含量50%，培养3至4天；分散毛霉，25℃、水分含量50%至63%，培养3至4天；雅致放射毛霉，20℃、水分含量50%至63%，培养3天。由于这些真菌生长迅速，生长和酶合成需要高水分，因此产生毒素的真菌污染的风险将降至最低。
