Metz G, Jenkins D J, Peters T J, Newman A, Blendis L M
Lancet. 1975 May 24;1(7917):1155-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)93135-9.
Breath hydrogen (H2), collected by end-expiratory sampling, was measured in twenty-five patients with abdominal symptoms or diarrhoea after ingesting 50 g. of lactose. This was compared with established tests of hypolactasia. Fifteen patients with a blood-glucose rise of more than 20 mg. per 100 ml. had less than 4 parts per million (p.p.m.) rise in breath H2 at 2 hours. In contrast, ten patients with blood-glucose rises of less than 20 mg. per 100 ml. had more than a 20 p.p.m. H2 rise (mean 85.8 p.p.m. plus or minus s.d. 44.3) at 2 hours. Similarly, two patients with normal jejunal lactase activity had no significant H2 production, whereas six patients with hypolactasia had more than a 20 p.p.m. rise in H2. Symptoms related to milk or lactose ingestion were found to be unreliable. End-expiratory sampling of breath H2 would seem to be a simple, non-invasive, and accurate method of diagnosing hypolactasia, which is also very acceptable to patients. This should make it a valuable tool both in diagnostic gastroenterology and in epidemiological surveys.
通过呼气末采样收集25例有腹部症状或腹泻的患者在摄入50克乳糖后的呼气氢气（H₂），并与乳糖不耐受的既定检测方法进行比较。15例血糖升高超过每100毫升20毫克的患者在2小时时呼气H₂升高低于百万分之4（ppm）。相比之下，10例血糖升高低于每100毫升20毫克的患者在2小时时H₂升高超过20 ppm（平均85.8 ppm加减标准差44.3）。同样，2例空肠乳糖酶活性正常的患者没有明显的H₂产生，而6例乳糖不耐受患者的H₂升高超过20 ppm。发现与摄入牛奶或乳糖相关的症状不可靠。呼气末采样检测呼气H₂似乎是一种简单、无创且准确的诊断乳糖不耐受的方法，患者也非常容易接受。这使其在诊断胃肠病学和流行病学调查中都成为一种有价值的工具。
