赞比亚恩多拉献血者中乙肝抗原和乙肝抗体的发生率。

The incidence of hepatitis-B-antigen and anti-hepatitis-B among blood donors in Ndola, Zambia.

作者信息

Islam M N, Chrystie I L, Jones I G, Lowenthal M, Banatvala J E

出版信息

Trop Geogr Med. 1975 Mar;27(1):47-51.

Abstract

Hepatitis-B antigen (HBsAG) was detected in the sera of 29 or 250 (11.6%) blood donors in Ndola, Zambia, most of whom were prisoners or students. The incidence among prisoners was 15.1%, among students only 1.6%. Thirteen sera were subtyped, nine carried the y and four the d antigenic determinant. Although there was a marked difference in the incidence of HBs antigen between prisoners and students, when donors were tested for antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) this positive. Overall, anti-HBs was detected in 132 of 250 blood donors (52.8%). The sensitivity of radioimmunoassay, counter-immunoelectrophoresis and a newly developed passive haemagglutination (PHA) test, employing tanned formalinised antibody coated turkey erythrocytes, was compared. Although radioimmunoassay provided the most sensitive method, the PHA test compared extremely favourably and was considered to be particularly suitable for use in the tropics.

摘要

在赞比亚恩多拉的250名献血者中，有29人（11.6%）的血清中检测出乙肝抗原（HBsAG），其中大多数是囚犯或学生。囚犯中的发病率为15.1%，学生中仅为1.6%。对13份血清进行了亚型分析，9份携带y抗原决定簇，4份携带d抗原决定簇。尽管囚犯和学生中乙肝抗原的发病率存在显著差异，但当检测献血者的乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）时，结果呈阳性。总体而言，在250名献血者中有132人（52.8%）检测到抗-HBs。比较了放射免疫测定、对流免疫电泳和一种新开发的被动血凝试验（PHA）的敏感性，该试验采用鞣酸甲醛化抗体包被的火鸡红细胞。尽管放射免疫测定提供了最敏感的方法，但PHA试验与之相比非常有利，被认为特别适合在热带地区使用。