Levinson H S, Hyatt M T
J Bacteriol. 1966 May;91(5):1811-8. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.5.1811-1818.1966.
Levinson, Hillel S. (U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, Mass.), and Mildred T. Hyatt. Sequence of events during Bacillus megaterium spore germination. J. Bacteriol. 91:1811-1818. 1966.-An integrated investigation of the sequence of events during the germination of Bacillus megaterium spores produced on three different media-Liver "B" (LB), synthetic, and Arret and Kirshbaum (A-K)-is reported. Heat-activated spores were germinated in a mixture of glucose and l-alanine. For studies of dipicolinic acid (DPA) release and increase in stainability and phase-darkening, germination levels were stabilized by the addition of 2 mm HgCl(2). Heat resistance was measured by conventional plating techniques and by a new microscopic method. The sequence (50% completion time) of LB spore germination events was: loss of resistance to heat and to toxic chemicals (3.0 min); DPA loss (4.7 min); stainability and Klett-measured loss of turbidity (5.5 min); phase-darkening (7.0 min); and Beckman DU-measured loss of turbidity (7.2 min). The time difference between 50% completion of stainability and complete phase darkening was 1.5 min, in excellent agreement with the microgermination time of 1.49 min as determined by observation of spores darkening under phase optics. Alteration of the sporulation medium modified the 50% completion times of these germination events, and, in some cases, their sequence. In the A-K spores, the rates of loss of heat resistance and DPA were substantially higher than those of the other germination events, whereas in spores produced in the LB and synthetic media all germination events followed an approximately parallel time course. This is discussed from the point of view of spore population heterogeneity and germination mechanisms.
莱文森，希勒尔·S.（美国陆军纳蒂克实验室，马萨诸塞州纳蒂克），以及米尔德里德·T.海亚特。巨大芽孢杆菌孢子萌发过程中的事件顺序。《细菌学杂志》91:1811 - 1818。1966年。——报告了对在三种不同培养基（肝脏“B”培养基（LB）、合成培养基以及阿雷特和基尔希鲍姆培养基（A - K））上产生的巨大芽孢杆菌孢子萌发过程中事件顺序的综合研究。热激活的孢子在葡萄糖和L - 丙氨酸的混合物中萌发。为了研究吡啶二羧酸（DPA）的释放、染色性增加和相位变暗，通过添加2毫米汞柱的HgCl₂使萌发水平稳定。通过传统平板计数技术和一种新的显微镜方法测量耐热性。LB孢子萌发事件的顺序（50%完成时间）为：对热和有毒化学物质的抗性丧失（3.0分钟）；DPA丧失（4.7分钟）；染色性和用Klett比色计测量的浊度丧失（5.5分钟）；相位变暗（7.0分钟）；以及用贝克曼DU分光光度计测量的浊度丧失（7.2分钟）。染色性50%完成和完全相位变暗之间的时间差为1.5分钟，与通过相差显微镜观察孢子变暗确定的微萌发时间1.49分钟非常一致。改变芽孢形成培养基会改变这些萌发事件的50%完成时间，并且在某些情况下会改变它们的顺序。在A - K孢子中，耐热性丧失和DPA丧失的速率明显高于其他萌发事件，而在LB和合成培养基中产生的孢子中，所有萌发事件都遵循大致平行的时间进程。从孢子群体异质性和萌发机制的角度对此进行了讨论。
