Gubéran E
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1979 Oct 13;109(39):1465-71.
Analysis of age-standardized death rates for the main categories of deaths, over the period 1951--1977, shows a three-quarter fall in mortality from infectious diseases, a reduction of mortality from cardiovascular disease more accentuated in women (-46%) than in men (-23%) and a decrease in mortality from tumors in women only (-21%). Suicide rates slightly increased and mortality from accidents started to decrease in 1971, more markedly in men than in women. As regards the last category including all other causes of deaths, a decline in mortality of approximately a half in both sexes was observed. Calculation of the potential years of life lost between ages 1 and 70 (PYLL) reveals that in men, for the year 1977, 25% were due to accidents, 23% to tumours and 22% to cardiovascular diseases, whereas in women tumours came first (36%) and preceded cardiovascular disease (17%). Analysis of PYLL by individual cause of death shows, in decreasing order of importance, for men: motor accidents, suicide, ischaemic heart disease, other accidents, cancer of lung, cerebrovascular disease and cirrhosis of liver, and for women: suicide, breast cancer, motor accidents, other accidents, cerebrovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease and uterine cancer. Finally, life expectancy at birth increased, over the period 1951--1977, from 66.4 to 71.8 years in men and from 71.0 to 78.4 years in women, which ranks Switzerland third among the 10 industrialized countries studies.
对1951年至1977年期间主要死亡类别按年龄标准化的死亡率分析表明，传染病死亡率下降了四分之三，心血管疾病死亡率下降，女性（-46%）比男性（-23%）更为明显，仅女性肿瘤死亡率下降（-21%）。自杀率略有上升，事故死亡率在1971年开始下降，男性比女性更为明显。至于包括所有其他死亡原因的最后一个类别，观察到两性死亡率均下降了约一半。对1岁至70岁之间潜在寿命损失年数（PYLL）的计算表明，在1977年，男性中25%的PYLL归因于事故，23%归因于肿瘤，22%归因于心血管疾病，而在女性中，肿瘤居首（36%），其次是心血管疾病（17%）。按个体死亡原因对PYLL进行分析表明，按重要性递减顺序，男性依次为：交通事故、自杀、缺血性心脏病、其他事故、肺癌、脑血管疾病和肝硬化；女性依次为：自杀、乳腺癌、交通事故、其他事故、脑血管疾病、缺血性心脏病和子宫癌。最后，在1951年至1977年期间，男性出生时预期寿命从66.4岁增至71.8岁，女性从71.0岁增至78.4岁，这使瑞士在所研究的10个工业化国家中排名第三。
