Bassili J N
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1979 Nov;37(11):2049-58. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.37.11.2049.
In order to investigate the role of facial movement in the recognition of emotions, faces were covered with black makeup and white spots. Video recordings of such faces were played back so that only the white spots were visible. The results demonstrated that moving displays of happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, anger and disgust were recognized more accurately than static displays of the white spots at the apex of the expressions. This indicated that facial motion, in the absence of information about the shape and position of facial features, is informative about these basic emotions. Normally illuminated dynamic displays of these expressions, however, were recognized more accurately than displays of moving spots. The relative effectiveness of upper and lower facial areas for the recognition of these six emotions was also investigated using normally illuminated and spots-only displays. In both instances the results indicated that different facial regions are more informative for different emitions. The movement patterns characterizing the various emotional expressions as well as common confusions between emotions are also discussed.
为了研究面部运动在情绪识别中的作用，面部被涂上黑色妆容并画上白色斑点。播放这些面部的视频记录，使得只能看到白色斑点。结果表明，与表情顶点处白色斑点的静态展示相比，快乐、悲伤、恐惧、惊讶、愤怒和厌恶的动态展示能被更准确地识别。这表明在缺乏面部特征形状和位置信息的情况下，面部运动对于这些基本情绪具有信息价值。然而，这些表情的正常照明动态展示比移动斑点的展示能被更准确地识别。还使用正常照明和仅斑点展示来研究面部上半部分和下半部分区域对这六种情绪识别的相对有效性。在这两种情况下，结果都表明不同的面部区域对于不同情绪具有更多信息价值。还讨论了表征各种情绪表情的运动模式以及情绪之间常见的混淆情况。
