Durrant M, Royston P
Int J Obes. 1979;3(4):335-47.
Obese patients were admitted to a metabolic unit for weight loss. On two paired-test days subjects were given disguised preloads of 100 kcal (0.42MJ) or 300 kcal (1.26MJ). When presented with a meal one hour after the preload, subjects salivated more and reported more hunger, but not appetite, after the low compared to the high preload. A different group of 14 subjects were given preloads of the same energy content (200 kcal, 0.84MJ) on paired-test days. On one day they took 1 g methyl cellulose with 100 ml water drink immediately before the preload. Neither the energy-dilution effect of the water, nor the effect of the methyl cellulose caused a significant decrease in salivation, hunger or appetite scores one hour after the preloads of equal energy content. These results show that salivation and hunger are inversely related to short-term changes in energy intake in obese subjects. Alterations in energy density without changing energy intake or the ingestion of methyl cellulose have no effect on salivation, hunger or appetite.
肥胖患者被收治到一个代谢单元进行减重。在两个配对测试日，受试者被给予伪装的预负荷，分别为100千卡（0.42兆焦）或300千卡（1.26兆焦）。在预负荷后一小时提供一餐时，与高预负荷相比，低预负荷后受试者唾液分泌更多且报告更饥饿，但未报告食欲更强。另一组14名受试者在配对测试日被给予相同能量含量（200千卡，0.84兆焦）的预负荷。其中一天，他们在预负荷前立即服用1克甲基纤维素与100毫升水的饮品。在等能量含量预负荷后一小时，水的能量稀释效应以及甲基纤维素的效应均未导致唾液分泌、饥饿或食欲评分显著降低。这些结果表明，肥胖受试者的唾液分泌和饥饿与能量摄入的短期变化呈负相关。在不改变能量摄入的情况下改变能量密度或摄入甲基纤维素对唾液分泌、饥饿或食欲均无影响。
