Harlow H F, Suomi S J
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Jul;68(7):1534-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.7.1534.
Total social isolation of macaque monkeys for at least the first 6 months of life consistently produces severe deficits in virtually every aspect of social behavior. Experiments designed to rehabilitate monkeys reared in isolation are described. While young isolates exposed to equal-age normal peers achieved only limited recovery of simple social responses, some mothers reared in isolation eventually exhibited acceptable maternal behavior when forced to accept infant contact over a period of months, but showed no further recovery; isolate infants exposed to surrogates were able to develop crude interactive patterns among themselves. In contrast to the above results, 6-month-old social isolates exposed to 3-month-old normal monkeys achieved essentially complete social recovery for all situations tested. It is postulated that social stimulation that both permits subjects to achieve contact acceptability and provides an interactive medium conducive to gradual development of sophisticated social behaviors will result in almost complete recovery of social capabilities previously obliterated by rearing in isolation.
在猕猴生命的至少头6个月内进行完全的社会隔离，几乎会在社会行为的各个方面持续产生严重缺陷。本文描述了旨在使隔离饲养的猴子恢复正常的实验。虽然暴露于同龄正常同伴的幼年隔离猕猴仅实现了简单社会反应的有限恢复，但一些隔离饲养的母猴在被迫在数月内接受幼猴接触时，最终表现出了可接受的母性行为，但没有进一步恢复；暴露于替代母猴的隔离幼猴能够在彼此之间发展出粗略的互动模式。与上述结果形成对比的是，暴露于3个月大正常猴子的6个月大社会隔离猕猴在所有测试情况下基本实现了完全的社会恢复。据推测，既能使个体达到接触可接受性又能提供有利于复杂社会行为逐步发展的互动媒介的社会刺激，将导致先前因隔离饲养而丧失的社会能力几乎完全恢复。
