Baird J C, Merrill A A, Tannenbaum J
J Exp Psychol Gen. 1979 Mar;108(1):92-8.
This experiment tested the ability of people to recall the locations of buildings in a familiar campus setting. Ten graduate students represented the relative locations of buildings by pairwise distance judgments (on a 100-point scale) and by direct mapping of locations on a Tektronix cathode ray terminal. As evaluated by Stevens's power law, both methods led to accurate judgments of relative distance (the average exponent was close to 1). In addition, the pairwise judgments were analyzed by multidimensional scaling (MDS) and the buildings were located in a two-dimensional map. When asked to choose between the MDS representation and the map created directly on the Tektronix, all 10 subjects chose the latter as the more accurate. Moreover, 6 out of 10 subjects thought the direct map was more accurate than the actual map of the building locations. These results suggest that either pairwise judgment or direct mapping yield accurative representations of spatial relations in a familial environment, but that subjects favor the direct map.
本实验测试了人们在熟悉的校园环境中回忆建筑物位置的能力。十名研究生通过成对距离判断（采用100分制）以及在泰克阴极射线终端上直接绘制位置图来表示建筑物的相对位置。根据史蒂文斯幂定律评估，两种方法都能得出准确的相对距离判断（平均指数接近1）。此外，通过多维标度法（MDS）对成对判断进行分析，并将建筑物定位在二维地图上。当被要求在MDS表示法和直接在泰克上创建的地图之间进行选择时，所有10名受试者都选择后者作为更准确的。此外，10名受试者中有6人认为直接绘制的地图比建筑物实际位置的地图更准确。这些结果表明，成对判断或直接绘图都能在熟悉的环境中产生空间关系的准确表示，但受试者更倾向于直接绘制的地图。
