Kidney lipids: changes caused by dietary 9-trans, 12-trans-octadecadienoate.

Trans,trans-linoleate at 50 and 100% of dietary fat decreased kidney size and altered its composition. Trans,trans-linoleate as the sole source of dietary fat impaired growth and caused more severe symptoms of essential fatty acid deficiency than was observed with hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO). The concentration of renal cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG) and cholesteryl esters (CE) were also decreased. Linoleic (18:2), homo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n6) and arachidonic acid (20:4n6) were significantly depressed in lipid classes, especially in PL and CE, by dietary trans,trans-linoleate. The increase in eicosatrienoate (20:3n9), especially in PL and CE of kidneys of rats fed HCO (essential fatty acid deficient), was slight in rats fed 100% trans,trans-linoleate, indicating that the trans,trans acid probably inhibited acyl elongation and desaturation.