Drevenkar V, Fröbe Z, Vasilić Z, Tkalcević B, Stefanac Z
Sci Total Environ. 1979 Dec;13(3):235-43. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(79)90104-9.
The absorption of malathion and phosalone was followed in occupationally exposed workers by determination of residues excreted in the urine. Because of the high concentrations found in the morning urine samples, the rates of excretion of phosalone metabolites in the urine of a volunteer experimentally exposed to phosalone during one and then again during three subsequent working days were investigated. The urinary excretion of phosalone metabolites was most intense 4--5 hours after exposure. At the beginning of the next day, the metabolites were still well measureable in the urine. Blood and plasma cholinesterase activities were only slightly reduced during exposure. The analyses of 24-hour urine samples, or of urine samples taken 4--5 hours after exposure, are not suitable for the routine control of occupationally exposed persons because of sampling difficulties. Instead, analyses of samples taken immediately before and after work hours have to be performed. A systematic increase in the concentrations of pesticide residues in the morning urine should initiate more efficient and well-timed protection measures.
通过测定职业暴露工人尿液中排出的残留物，追踪了马拉硫磷和伏杀硫磷的吸收情况。由于在早晨尿液样本中发现的浓度较高，因此对一名志愿者在一个工作日以及随后三个工作日期间实验性接触伏杀硫磷后尿液中伏杀硫磷代谢物的排泄速率进行了研究。伏杀硫磷代谢物的尿排泄在接触后4 - 5小时最为强烈。在第二天开始时，尿液中仍可很好地检测到这些代谢物。接触期间血液和血浆胆碱酯酶活性仅略有降低。由于采样困难，对24小时尿液样本或接触后4 - 5小时采集的尿液样本进行分析，不适用于职业暴露人员的常规监测。相反，必须对工作时间前后立即采集的样本进行分析。早晨尿液中农药残留浓度的系统性增加应启动更有效和及时的保护措施。
