Davies D P, Abernethy M
Lancet. 1976 Feb 21;1(7956):385-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90215-4.
1159 mother-infant "pairs" have been studied to examine the inter-relationship of cigarette smoking in the latter half of pregnancy, maternal weight gain, and fetal growth. Non-smokers gained significantly more weight than heavy smokers (greater than 15 cigarettes per day) while light-to-moderate smokers (1-14 cigarettes a day) were intermediate. Birth-weight, length, and head circumference of the infants showed a similar gradient with infants born to non-smokers being heavier, longer, and with larger head circumferences than those born to heavy smokers. Co-variance analysis showed that a large part of the effect of maternal smoking is mediated through maternal weight gain with only a very small additional direct effect on the fetus. This suggests that increasing weight gain in smoking mothers might prevent some of the harmful effects of smoking on fetal growth. A randomised controlled trial of diet supplementation of smoking mothers would seem justified.
对1159对母婴进行了研究，以探讨孕期后半段吸烟、母亲体重增加与胎儿生长之间的相互关系。不吸烟者比重度吸烟者（每天超过15支烟）体重增加显著更多，而轻度至中度吸烟者（每天1 - 14支烟）则介于两者之间。婴儿的出生体重、身长和头围呈现出类似的梯度，不吸烟者所生婴儿比重度吸烟者所生婴儿更重、更长且头围更大。协方差分析表明，母亲吸烟的影响很大一部分是通过母亲体重增加介导的，对胎儿只有非常小的额外直接影响。这表明增加吸烟母亲的体重增加可能会预防吸烟对胎儿生长的一些有害影响。对吸烟母亲进行饮食补充的随机对照试验似乎是合理的。
