Shnidman S R
J Exp Anal Behav. 1968 Mar;11(2):153-6. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1968.11-153.
Extinction of Sidman avoidance behavior by eliminating the noxious stimulus was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats with bar-pressing as the response. Each of three subjects was trained and extinguished on each of the following schedules in a different order: nondiscriminated, response-shock interval = 20 sec, shock-shock interval = 5 sec; nondiscriminated, response-shock interval = 40 sec, shock-shock interval = 5 sec; discriminated, response-white noise interval = 15 sec, noise-shock interval = 5 sec, shock-shock interval = 5 sec. Less than one 4-hr session was required for extinction for all procedures. When a warning stimulus was present, resistance to extinction increased. Subjects did not, however, respond to avoid the signal. Only small differences in extinction were found after training on different schedules with no warning signal.
在以压杆为反应方式的斯普拉格-道利大鼠中，研究了通过消除有害刺激来消除西德曼回避行为。三只实验对象分别按照以下不同顺序的每种程序进行训练和消退：无差别程序，反应-电击间隔 = 20秒，电击-电击间隔 = 5秒；无差别程序，反应-电击间隔 = 40秒，电击-电击间隔 = 5秒；有差别程序，反应-白噪声间隔 = 15秒，噪声-电击间隔 = 5秒，电击-电击间隔 = 5秒。所有程序的消退都不需要超过一个4小时的实验时段。当存在警告刺激时，消退抗性增加。然而，实验对象并未做出反应以避开信号。在没有警告信号的不同程序训练后，发现消退方面只有微小差异。
