Sessa G, Weissmann G
J Lipid Res. 1968 May;9(3):310-8.
This review describes the properties of artificial spherules composed of phospholipids and various long-chain anions or cations. The lipids, which are in the liquid-crystal state, trap aqueous solutes such as cations, anions, glucose, or glycine in aqueous compartments between a series of lipid bilayers. The diffusion of these solutes from the spherules can be studied in the same way that diffusion across biological membranes is studied. The spherules exhibit many of the properties of natural membrane-bounded structures: they are capable of ion-discrimination, osmotic swelling, and response to a variety of physiologic and pharmacologic agents. These agents (steroids, drugs, toxins, antibiotics) accelerate or retard diffusion of ions or molecules from the spherules in a way that qualitatively mimics their action on erythrocytes, lysosomes, or mitochondria. Thus the spherules constitute a valuable model system with which to study the properties of biological membranes that may be dependent on their lipid components.
本综述描述了由磷脂与各种长链阴离子或阳离子组成的人工小球的特性。处于液晶态的脂质将诸如阳离子、阴离子、葡萄糖或甘氨酸等水性溶质捕获在一系列脂质双层之间的水相区室中。这些溶质从小球中的扩散可以用研究跨生物膜扩散的相同方式进行研究。小球展现出许多天然膜结合结构的特性：它们能够进行离子区分、渗透肿胀，并对多种生理和药理试剂作出反应。这些试剂（类固醇、药物、毒素、抗生素）以定性模拟它们对红细胞、溶酶体或线粒体作用的方式，加速或延缓离子或分子从小球中的扩散。因此，小球构成了一个有价值的模型系统，可用于研究可能依赖于其脂质成分的生物膜的特性。
