Snapper A G, Ramsay D A, Schoenfeld W N
J Exp Anal Behav. 1969 May;12(3):423-30. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1969.12-423.
The responding of rats was reinforced on one key after a 1-sec auditory stimulus and on a second key after a 5-sec stimulus. With errors punished by a short timeout, all subjects achieved a high level of accuracy. A chain of responses during the stimuli mediated the performance so that when the auditory signals were omitted accuracy decreased only slightly. Response-independent aversive stimulation superimposed upon this procedure both suppressed the total amount of behavior and reduced the accuracy of the discriminative performance, the intensity of the stimulus determining the error rate. The increase in errors under these conditions may have depended in part upon differential suppression of members of the response chain, but such suppression was not necessary, since error rate increased even in its absence. Furthermore, the locus of response disruption within the chain was not consistent from day to day either for any individual animal or across animals.
在1秒听觉刺激后，大鼠在一个按键上的反应得到强化；在5秒刺激后，其在另一个按键上的反应得到强化。通过短暂超时惩罚错误，所有受试者都达到了很高的准确率。刺激期间的一系列反应介导了这种表现，因此当听觉信号被省略时，准确率仅略有下降。在此程序之上叠加的与反应无关的厌恶刺激既抑制了行为总量，又降低了辨别表现的准确性，刺激强度决定错误率。在这些条件下错误的增加可能部分取决于对反应链成员的差异性抑制，但这种抑制并非必要，因为即使没有这种抑制，错误率也会增加。此外，对于任何个体动物或不同动物而言，反应链内反应中断的位置每天都不一致。
