Jackson R T, Latham M C
Am J Clin Nutr. 1979 Apr;32(4):779-82. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/32.4.779.
There is much disagreement about milk and its use in feeding programs both in the United States and internationally. A few authors suggest that milk consumption should not be encouraged in lactose intolerant populations due to adverse symptoms. Others suggest, however, that small or modest quantities of milk can be tolerated and can be nutritionally useful to such groups. Data are presented in this paper that show that 1) the Masai regularly drink considerable quantities of milk without apparent symptoms, 2) milk is an important constituent of the Masai diet, and 3) 62% of 21 Masai examined were malabsorbers of lactose as measured by the lactose tolerance test. This finding of lactose malabsorption in a nomadic cattle raising and milk drinking people is interesting and is contrary to the views often expressed by anthropologists and others. An ability to drink nutritionally useful quantities of milk does not, however, necessarily mean that milk production or imports should be encouraged in the Lesser Developed Countries.
在美国和国际上，关于牛奶及其在喂养计划中的使用存在很多分歧。一些作者认为，由于不良症状，不应鼓励乳糖不耐受人群饮用牛奶。然而，另一些人则认为，少量或适量的牛奶是可以耐受的，并且对这类人群在营养上是有益的。本文提供的数据表明：1）马赛人经常饮用大量牛奶却没有明显症状；2）牛奶是马赛人饮食的重要组成部分；3）通过乳糖耐量试验测定，在接受检查的21名马赛人中，62%的人乳糖吸收不良。在一个以游牧养牛和饮用牛奶为生的人群中发现乳糖吸收不良这一现象很有趣，并且与人类学家和其他人经常表达的观点相反。然而，能够饮用对营养有益量的牛奶并不一定意味着应该在欠发达国家鼓励牛奶生产或进口。
