Arnaud J, Quilici J C, Gutierrez N, Beard J, Vergnes H
Ann Hum Biol. 1979 Nov-Dec;6(6):585-92. doi: 10.1080/03014467900003951.
The stress of chronic hypobaric hypoxia present at high altitudes induces a series of adaptive changes in the intermediate metabolism in erythrocytes of high-altitude natives. Aymaras of the high Andean Plateau are shown to have within erythrocytes: (a) increased activity of NADH2 (GAPDH) generating stages, (b) decreased activity of NADH2 (LDH) consuming steps, (c) significantly increased methaemoglobin content, and (d) a large increase in the level of reduced glutathione. These alterations occur also in persons of the same ethnic group residing at low altitude. There is, however, only a moderate elevation of classic haematological parameters (erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and haematocrit) in highland natives. The functional implications of these metabolite changes are discussed with respect to regulation of erythrocyte metabolism.
高海拔地区存在的慢性低压缺氧应激会在高原原住民红细胞的中间代谢中引发一系列适应性变化。研究表明，安第斯高原的艾马拉人红细胞内：(a) 生成NADH2（甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶）阶段的活性增加；(b) 消耗NADH2（乳酸脱氢酶）步骤的活性降低；(c) 高铁血红蛋白含量显著增加；(d) 还原型谷胱甘肽水平大幅升高。居住在低海拔地区的同种族人群也会出现这些变化。然而，高原原住民的经典血液学参数（红细胞计数、血红蛋白和血细胞比容）仅适度升高。本文就这些代谢物变化对红细胞代谢调节的功能意义进行了讨论。
