Repo R U, Finlay J B
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977 Dec;59(8):1068-76.
Survival characteristics of forty-three specimens of living human bone and articular cartilage from the knees of eight renal-transplant donors were studied, using a drop-tower device. Autoradiography and light and scanning electron microscopy revealed no evidence of chondrocyte death or structural damage until stress levels of twenty-five newtons per square millimeter were reached, corresponding to strains on the order of 20 to 30 per cent and involving energy absorption of one millijoule per cubic millimeter. The data for strain rates of 500 and 1000 s-1 suggest that impact loads sufficient to fracture a femoral shaft of an automobile occupant are nearly sufficient to cause chondrocyte death and fissuring in the articular cartilage of either the knee or the hip if the load-bearing areas measure less than 500 square millimeters.
利用落塔装置对来自8名肾移植供体膝盖的43个活体人骨和关节软骨标本的存活特性进行了研究。放射自显影以及光学和扫描电子显微镜检查显示，在达到每平方毫米25牛顿的应力水平之前，没有软骨细胞死亡或结构损伤的迹象，这对应于20%至30%左右的应变，且每立方毫米涉及1毫焦耳的能量吸收。500和1000 s-1应变率的数据表明，如果承重面积小于500平方毫米，足以使汽车乘客股骨干骨折的冲击载荷几乎足以导致膝关节或髋关节的关节软骨中的软骨细胞死亡和出现裂缝。
