MacLeod J H
Can Med Assoc J. 1966 Jul 16;95(3):114-7.
THREE METHODS OF BLOOD LOSS ESTIMATION WHICH ARE SIMPLE, ACCURATE AND CHEAP ARE: (1) weighing of sponges; (2) estimation of blood volume with Evans blue dye and (3) measurement of central venous pressure (CVP).Weighing of sponges is a valuable operating-room procedure although it has certain defects some of which are described. The Evans dye method is used chiefly in preoperative assessment when hypovolemia is suspected but serial estimations are feasible and can be performed in 45 minutes. Measurement of CVP, however, is the best single criterion of effective blood volume in relation to cardiac functional capacity and is the best guide to blood and fluid requirements. A simple "homemade" device for making serial CVP determinations, incorporating a manometer and a zero level, is described.These methods of blood loss estimation do not supersede the traditional methods of the clinical assessment of the surgical patient, but are valuable adjuncts to such assessment.
三种简单、准确且成本低廉的失血估计方法如下：（1）纱布称重法；（2）用伊文思蓝染料估计血容量；（3）测量中心静脉压（CVP）。纱布称重法是一种有价值的手术室操作方法，尽管它有一些缺陷，文中对此进行了部分描述。伊文思染料法主要用于术前怀疑存在血容量不足的评估，不过连续估计是可行的，且能在45分钟内完成。然而，测量中心静脉压是与心功能容量相关的有效血容量的最佳单一标准，也是血液和液体需求量的最佳指导。文中描述了一种简单的“自制”连续测定中心静脉压的装置，该装置包含一个压力计和一个零点水平。这些失血估计方法并没有取代对外科患者进行临床评估的传统方法，但它们是此类评估的有价值的辅助手段。
