Scheig R, Alexander N M, Klatskin G
J Lipid Res. 1966 Mar;7(2):188-96.
The effects on lipid metabolism of long-term feeding of large amounts of ethanol or glucose differed from those that have been reported in short-term experiments. Three groups of male rats were investigated. The first was fed lab chow and 15% (v/v) ethanol ad lib.; the second was pair-fed with the first and given isocaloric amounts of glucose in lieu of ethanol; the third was fed lab chow and water ad lib. All three groups consumed nearly the same number of calories, and about 30% of the calories in the first group were derived from ethanol. Neither glucose nor ethanol added to a nutritionally adequate diet promoted the development of a fatty liver, although both stimulated acetate-(14)C utilization for hepatic lipid synthesis. In all three groups more than 80% of the label in hepatic lipid was found in fatty acids, and the distribution of label amongst the fatty acids of different chain lengths was virtually the same. Ethanol decreased while glucose increased the quantity of lipid in fat depots, and each altered the fatty acid composition of the lipids in adipose tissue, kidney, liver, and hepatic subcellular fractions in a different manner. The most striking of these changes was the relative increase in monounsaturated fatty acids and the decrease in essential fatty acids produced by glucose.
长期大量喂食乙醇或葡萄糖对脂质代谢的影响与短期实验中所报道的不同。对三组雄性大鼠进行了研究。第一组随意喂食实验室标准食物和15%（体积/体积）的乙醇；第二组与第一组配对喂食，并给予等热量的葡萄糖以替代乙醇；第三组随意喂食实验室标准食物和水。所有三组摄入的热量几乎相同，第一组中约30%的热量来自乙醇。尽管葡萄糖和乙醇都能刺激肝脂质合成中乙酸盐 - （14）C的利用，但在营养充足的饮食中添加葡萄糖或乙醇都不会促进脂肪肝的发展。在所有三组中，肝脂质中超过80%的标记物存在于脂肪酸中，并且不同链长脂肪酸之间的标记物分布几乎相同。乙醇会减少而葡萄糖会增加脂肪储存中的脂质数量，并且二者都会以不同的方式改变脂肪组织、肾脏、肝脏和肝亚细胞组分中脂质的脂肪酸组成。这些变化中最显著的是葡萄糖导致单不饱和脂肪酸相对增加以及必需脂肪酸减少。
