Newsom C D, Simon K M
J Appl Behav Anal. 1977 Winter;10(4):633-44. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-633.
Few nonverbal developmentally disabled children ever receive adequate vision assessment because of their limited language skills. The present study details a simultaneous discrimination procedure for measuring subjective visual acuity in such children. A stimulus fading procedure was used to train a discrimination between Snellen Es differing in orientation, and a psychophysical tracking method was used to determine acuity thresholds. The procedure was tested with 11 nonverbal autistic and schizophrenic children and validated with four nonpsychotic children. Eight of the psychotic children were successfully examined in one to three sessions. Two of these children were identified as having significant acuity losses. The validity assessment showed that the experimental procedure resulted in thresholds equal to or slightly lower than those obtained with the Illiterate E chart.
由于语言能力有限，很少有非语言发育障碍儿童能得到充分的视力评估。本研究详细介绍了一种用于测量此类儿童主观视力的同时辨别程序。采用刺激消退程序训练对不同方向的斯内伦视标“E”进行辨别，并使用心理物理学跟踪方法确定视力阈值。该程序在11名非语言自闭症和精神分裂症儿童中进行了测试，并在4名非精神病儿童中进行了验证。8名患有精神病的儿童在一至三次测试中成功完成检查。其中两名儿童被确定有明显的视力减退。有效性评估表明，该实验程序得出的阈值等于或略低于使用文盲“E”视力表获得的阈值。
