Cornish-Bowden A, Marson A
J Mol Evol. 1977 Dec 29;10(3):231-40. doi: 10.1007/BF01764598.
A method is described for assessing the non-randomness of protein compositions, based on the chi-squared statistic for the differences between the observed numbers of residues of each type and the numbers expected for a random distribution of codons. The analysis indicates that changes in at least 30% of the residues in natural proteins are selected against.