Olweny C L
IARC Sci Publ. 1984(63):543-8.
The exact etiology of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) remains unknown. Certain observed features suggest a possible viral etiology, including: (a) the spontaneous regression of indolent forms; (b) the frequent occurrence of second primary malignancies; (c) the multifocal nature of KS. Electron microscopic studies have revealed herpesvirus-type particles which morphologically resemble cytomegalovirus (CMV). Sera from KS patients in Europe and America have higher anti-CMV antibodies than controls, in contrast to African patients, whose CMV antibody titres are not significantly different from those of controls. This difference may be related to the high background of CMV antibody in the general African population. Nucleic acid hybridization studies have revealed CMV DNA in some African KS tissue. The possible role of human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) in the causation of KS is discussed in the light of recent evidence of its association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Similarly, the possible predisposing role of HLA-DR5 in patients with AIDS and KS is considered.
卡波西肉瘤（KS）的确切病因尚不清楚。某些观察到的特征提示可能存在病毒病因，包括：（a）惰性形式的自发消退；（b）第二原发性恶性肿瘤的频繁发生；（c）KS的多灶性。电子显微镜研究发现了形态上类似于巨细胞病毒（CMV）的疱疹病毒样颗粒。与非洲患者相比，欧美KS患者血清中的抗CMV抗体高于对照组，而非洲患者的CMV抗体滴度与对照组无显著差异。这种差异可能与非洲普通人群中CMV抗体的高背景有关。核酸杂交研究在一些非洲KS组织中发现了CMV DNA。根据最近人类T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤病毒（HTLV）与获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）关联的证据，讨论了其在KS病因中的可能作用。同样，也考虑了HLA-DR5在AIDS和KS患者中的可能易患作用。
