截然不同的克氏锥虫菌株（酶谱型）会引发委内瑞拉型和巴西型恰加斯病吗？

Do radically dissimilar Trypanosoma cruzi strains (zymodemes) cause Venezuelan and Brazilian forms of Chagas' disease?

作者信息

Miles M A, Cedillos R A, Póvoa M M, de Souza A A, Prata A, Macedo V

出版信息

Lancet. 1981 Jun 20;1(8234):1338-40. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)92518-6.

Abstract

316 isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative organism of Chagas' disease, were collected from three geographical areas: Venezuela, where Chagas' disease does not cause megacardia, megaoesophagus, and megacolon; the Brazilian Amazon basin, where T. cruzi is silvatic and human infection is rare; and central and eastern Brazil, where T. cruzi infection is commonly associated with "mega" syndromes. The distribution in these regions of three radically dissimilar enzymic strains or "zymodemes" of T. cruzi (Z1, Z2, and Z3) was compared. Endemic Chagas' disease in Venezuela ws predominantly due to T. cruzi Z1 and rarely to T. cruzi Z3. T. cruzi Z1 and Z3 also caused the sporadic cases of Chagas' disease in the Brazilian Amazon basin. A quite distinct T. cruzi zymodeme, Z2, not found in either Venezuela or the Amazon basin, was isolated from the vast majority of patients in central and eastern Brazil. These observations suggest that different aetiological agents might account for the difference between the Venezuelan and Brazilian forms of Chagas' disease.

摘要

316株克氏锥虫（恰加斯病的病原体）分别采集自三个地理区域：委内瑞拉，在该国恰加斯病不会引发巨心症、巨食管症和巨结肠症；巴西亚马逊流域，当地克氏锥虫为野生动物携带型，人类感染较为罕见；巴西中部和东部，在该地克氏锥虫感染通常与“巨”综合征相关。对克氏锥虫三种截然不同的酶株或“酶谱型”（Z1、Z2和Z3）在这些区域的分布情况进行了比较。委内瑞拉的地方性恰加斯病主要由克氏锥虫Z1引起，很少由克氏锥虫Z3引起。克氏锥虫Z1和Z3也导致了巴西亚马逊流域恰加斯病的散发病例。从巴西中部和东部的绝大多数患者中分离出了一种在委内瑞拉和亚马逊流域均未发现的截然不同的克氏锥虫酶谱型Z2。这些观察结果表明，不同的病原体可能是委内瑞拉型和巴西型恰加斯病存在差异的原因。