Pagano G, Esposito A, Giordano G G, Vamvakinos E, Quinto I, Bronzetti G, Bauer C, Corsi C, Nieri R, Ciajolo A
Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1983;3(4):377-93. doi: 10.1002/1520-6866(1990)3:4<377::aid-tcm1770030407>3.0.co;2-6.
This study was designed to investigate the possible genotoxic and teratogenic actions of diphenyl (DP), diphenyl ether (DPE), and their eutectic mixture, in a comparative approach including different test systems. Two microbial systems and a metazoan model were used: (1) diploid D7 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (2) Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA98, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA1532, TA2636; and (3) sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus and Sphearechinus granularis). Both compounds resulted in severe toxicity in all of test organisms at levels greater than or equal to 10(-5) M (approximately 2 ppm). DP caused genetic effects in yeast with and without activating system, while the two chemicals appeared to be ineffective in Salmonella up to toxic levels. The action of DP and DPE on sea urchins resulted in developmental defects and mitotic abnormalities, following exposure of embryos or by pretreatment of sperm or eggs. In this system DPE appeared to be more effective than DP by about one order of magnitude (minimal active concentrations: 10(-5) M vs 10(-4) M). The eutectic mixture, industrially used as a heat transfer medium, was tested in its virgin and used form, for genotoxicity and embryotoxicity. The latter appeared to be more effective than the virgin eutectic. This increase in the embryo- and genotoxicity of the used eutectic may be related to the appearance of newly formed compounds in the heat transfer process. These compounds have been separated by high-pressure liquid chromatography and detected by fluorimetry.
本研究旨在采用包括不同测试系统的比较方法，调查二苯基（DP）、二苯醚（DPE）及其低共熔混合物可能的遗传毒性和致畸作用。使用了两种微生物系统和一种后生动物模型：（1）酿酒酵母的二倍体D7菌株；（2）鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株TA100、TA98、TA1535、TA1537、TA1538、TA1532、TA2636；以及（3）海胆（紫球海胆和粒球海胆）。两种化合物在浓度大于或等于10⁻⁵ M（约2 ppm）时，对所有测试生物均产生严重毒性。DP在有或无激活系统的情况下均对酵母产生遗传效应，而这两种化学物质在达到毒性水平之前，在沙门氏菌中似乎无效。DP和DPE对海胆的作用导致胚胎暴露后或精子或卵子预处理后出现发育缺陷和有丝分裂异常。在该系统中，DPE的效果似乎比DP强约一个数量级（最低有效浓度：10⁻⁵ M对10⁻⁴ M）。工业上用作传热介质的低共熔混合物，对其原始形式和使用过的形式进行了遗传毒性和胚胎毒性测试。后者似乎比原始低共熔混合物更有效。使用过的低共熔混合物的胚胎毒性和遗传毒性增加，可能与传热过程中新形成化合物的出现有关。这些化合物已通过高压液相色谱法分离，并通过荧光法检测。
