Buchsbaum G, Gottschalk A
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1983 Nov 22;220(1218):89-113. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1983.0090.
This paper presents a systematic analysis of the role of opponent type processing in colour vision and the relation between opponent type colour transformations and the initial three colour mechanisms. It is shown that efficient information transmission is achieved by a transformation of the initial three colour mechanisms into an achromatic and two opponent chromatic channels. The derivation of the transformation is dependent solely on criteria from information theory. Thus it provides a logical rationale reconciling opponent type processing as an optimal necessary step after the initial three colour mechanisms, unifying respectively the Hering and Young-Helmholtz approaches to colour vision. The effects of chromatic adaptation on the spectral response of the achromatic and two chromatic channels are discussed from the point of view of information theory. It is argued that adaptation serves as a dynamic readjustment of these responses, necessary to meet criteria of efficient colour information transmission. The results are confronted with empirical observations to test the principles of the theory and the relation to other theories is discussed. Within the same framework the issue of trichromacy is discussed. It is argued that a broad class of typical colour spectra can effectively be represented by three significant degrees of freedom that make up a trichromatic system.
本文对对立型处理在颜色视觉中的作用以及对立型颜色变换与最初三种颜色机制之间的关系进行了系统分析。结果表明，通过将最初的三种颜色机制转换为一个非彩色通道和两个对立彩色通道，可以实现高效的信息传输。这种变换的推导仅依赖于信息论的标准。因此，它提供了一个逻辑依据，将对立型处理作为最初三种颜色机制之后的一个最优必要步骤，分别统一了关于颜色视觉的赫林（Hering）和杨-亥姆霍兹（Young-Helmholtz）方法。从信息论的角度讨论了颜色适应对非彩色通道和两个彩色通道光谱响应的影响。有人认为，适应起到了对这些响应的动态重新调整作用，这对于满足高效颜色信息传输的标准是必要的。将这些结果与实证观察结果进行对比，以检验该理论的原理，并讨论了与其他理论的关系。在同一框架内，还讨论了三色性问题。有人认为，一大类典型的颜色光谱可以有效地由构成三色系统的三个显著自由度来表示。
