Boger W P
Surv Ophthalmol. 1983 Dec;28 Suppl:235-42. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(83)90138-8.
The dissipation phenomena associated with timolol have important implications in the clinical management of glaucoma patients. Shortterm "escape" and longterm "drift" are clinical terms which describe the reduction of timolol's efficacy over a few days and over months and years, respectively. Recent physiological studies suggest a cellular explanation for these readjustments in tissue responsiveness to continued administration of timolol. While the precise location of the physiologically responding cells and the interactions of the various adrenergic responsive elements remain unclear, subsensitivity and supersensitivity may prove to be the most accurate designations for alterations in tissue responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation following "down regulation" or "up regulation" of beta receptor density on cell membranes.
与噻吗洛尔相关的药效消散现象在青光眼患者的临床治疗中具有重要意义。短期“逃逸”和长期“漂移”是临床术语，分别描述了噻吗洛尔在几天内以及数月和数年内疗效的降低。最近的生理学研究为组织对持续使用噻吗洛尔的反应性重新调整提供了一种细胞层面的解释。虽然生理反应细胞的确切位置以及各种肾上腺素能反应元件之间的相互作用尚不清楚，但在细胞膜上β受体密度发生“下调”或“上调”后，组织对肾上腺素能刺激的反应性改变，用亚敏感性和超敏感性来描述可能最为准确。
