Birkhimer L J, DeVane C L
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1984 Jun;18(6):462-5. doi: 10.1177/106002808401800601.
The neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a potentially lethal reaction following the use of antipsychotic medications. The four cardinal signs are hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, autonomic dysfunction, and altered consciousness. The differential diagnosis of the syndrome includes malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia, heat stroke, and acute lethal catatonia. Treatment consists of prompt recognition of the syndrome and initiation of intense supportive measures to manage the hyperthermia and prevent secondary complications. Clinical reports describing beneficial results from use of anticholinergic agents, amantadine, bromocriptine, and dantrolene are reviewed.
抗精神病药物恶性综合征是使用抗精神病药物后可能发生的致命性反应。其四大主要体征为高热、肌肉强直、自主神经功能障碍及意识改变。该综合征的鉴别诊断包括麻醉性恶性高热、中暑及急性致死性紧张症。治疗包括迅速识别该综合征并启动强化支持措施以控制高热并预防继发性并发症。本文回顾了描述使用抗胆碱能药物、金刚烷胺、溴隐亭及丹曲林取得有益效果的临床报告。
