谷胱甘肽酯的辐射防护作用：谷胱甘肽酯向人淋巴细胞和成纤维细胞的转运
Radioprotection by glutathione ester: transport of glutathione ester into human lymphoid cells and fibroblasts.
作者信息
Wellner V P, Anderson M E, Puri R N, Jensen G L, Meister A
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Aug;81(15):4732-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.15.4732.
Abstract
Glutathione is not effectively transported into human lymphoid cells, normal human skin fibroblasts, and fibroblasts from patients with genetic deficiencies of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase or glutathione synthetase. On the other hand, the monoethyl ester of glutathione, in which the carboxyl group of the glycine residue is esterified, is readily transported into these cells and is hydrolyzed intracellularly. This leads to greatly increased cellular levels of glutathione, which often exceed those found normally. Glutathione ester was found to protect human lymphoid cells of the CEM line against the lethal effects of irradiation. Under the conditions employed, complete protection was found when the ester was added prior to irradiation. Addition of the ester after irradiation was partially effective, suggesting that GSH may also function in repair processes.
摘要
谷胱甘肽不能有效地转运到人类淋巴细胞、正常人皮肤成纤维细胞以及γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶或谷胱甘肽合成酶基因缺陷患者的成纤维细胞中。另一方面，谷胱甘肽的单乙酯（其中甘氨酸残基的羧基被酯化）很容易转运到这些细胞中并在细胞内水解。这导致细胞内谷胱甘肽水平大幅增加，常常超过正常水平。发现谷胱甘肽酯可保护CEM系的人类淋巴细胞免受辐射的致死效应。在所采用的条件下，在辐射前添加该酯可实现完全保护。辐射后添加该酯有部分效果，这表明谷胱甘肽可能也在修复过程中发挥作用。
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