Radostits O M, Searcy G P, Mitchall K G
Can Vet J. 1980 May;21(5):155-8.
Some selected clinical and laboratory aspects of moldy sweetclover poisoning in cattle are reviewed. The prothrombin time is preferred when the disease is suspected. The bleeding time and whole blood clotting time test are also used. Dicoumarol is not always detectable in the suspected feed which may be due to sampling technique or inaccuracy in the laboratory assay. The most effective treatment is a whole blood transfusion. Vitamin K(1) (naturally occurring vitamin K) is an effective antidote but too expensive. Vitamin K(3) (synthetic vitamin K) in both the injectable and oral forms are not as effective as K(1) but are used extensively for treatment and prevention. Feeding the suspected feed for two weeks followed by a one week withdrawal successively or by dilution with other feeds will help to reduce the incidence of disease if other feeds are not available. Suspected feed should not be fed to cattle for at least three weeks before surgery or parturition.
本文综述了牛霉烂草木樨中毒的一些选定临床和实验室方面情况。当怀疑患有该病时，凝血酶原时间是首选检测项目。也会使用出血时间和全血凝固时间检测。在疑似饲料中并非总能检测到双香豆素，这可能是由于采样技术或实验室检测不准确所致。最有效的治疗方法是全血输血。维生素K(1)（天然存在的维生素K）是一种有效的解毒剂，但过于昂贵。注射用和口服形式的维生素K(3)（合成维生素K）不如K(1)有效，但被广泛用于治疗和预防。如果没有其他饲料，连续两周投喂疑似饲料，随后停喂一周，或者与其他饲料混合稀释，将有助于降低发病率。在手术或分娩前，疑似饲料至少三周内不应喂给牛。
