Giel R
Ment Health Soc. 1977;4(5-6):291-300.
Verbal and non-verbal communication occurs at various levels of meaning and explicitness. This is most obvious in transcultural exchanges and is therefore present in most of our psychological testing for which tests are used from other cultures. The confusion and invalid results of tests used with Ethiopian neurotic students and a group of normal students is used to demonstrate the point.
言语和非言语交流在不同的意义和明确程度层面上发生。这在跨文化交流中最为明显，因此在我们大多数心理测试中都存在，这些测试采用的是来自其他文化的测试工具。文中以对埃塞俄比亚神经症学生和一组正常学生使用测试工具时出现的混淆及无效结果为例来说明这一点。
