Kennedy P G, Lisak R P, Raff M C
Lab Invest. 1980 Oct;43(4):342-51.
We have used cell type-specific markers to identify and study the major classes of neural cells in dissociated cell cultures of optic nerve, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglion from 15- to 21-week-old human fetuses. Astrocytes were identified by the intracellular expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, oligodendrocytes by the cell surface expression of galactocerebroside, dorsal root ganglion neurons by their ability to bind tetanus toxin at their surface, and macrophages (including microglia) by cell surface Fc receptors and their phagocytic properties. Oligodendrocytes continued to express galactocerebroside (and some of them, also myelin basic protein) for up to 1 week in culture in the absence of neurons. While some dorsal root ganglion Schwann cells initially expressed galactocerebroside on their surface, and myelin basic protein and the major peripheral myelin glycoprotein (PO) intracellularly, they no longer expressed detectable amounts of any of these myelin-specific molecules after several days in culture. The Thy-1-like glycoprotein was found on the surface of fibroblasts, dorsal root ganglion neurons, and some astrocytes but not oligodendrocytes or the majority of leptomeningeal cells. Fibronectin was only expressed by fibroblasts and leptomeningeal cells.
我们利用细胞类型特异性标志物，在来自15至21周龄人类胎儿的视神经、脊髓和背根神经节的解离细胞培养物中，鉴定并研究了主要类型的神经细胞。通过胶质纤维酸性蛋白的细胞内表达鉴定星形胶质细胞，通过半乳糖脑苷脂的细胞表面表达鉴定少突胶质细胞，通过背根神经节神经元表面结合破伤风毒素的能力鉴定背根神经节神经元，通过细胞表面Fc受体及其吞噬特性鉴定巨噬细胞（包括小胶质细胞）。在没有神经元的情况下，少突胶质细胞在培养中持续表达半乳糖脑苷脂（其中一些还表达髓鞘碱性蛋白）长达1周。虽然一些背根神经节雪旺细胞最初在其表面表达半乳糖脑苷脂，在细胞内表达髓鞘碱性蛋白和主要的外周髓鞘糖蛋白（PO），但在培养几天后，它们不再表达可检测量的任何这些髓鞘特异性分子。在成纤维细胞、背根神经节神经元和一些星形胶质细胞表面发现了Thy-1样糖蛋白，但少突胶质细胞或大多数软脑膜细胞表面未发现。纤连蛋白仅由成纤维细胞和软脑膜细胞表达。
