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1
Unusual sequence homology at the 5-ends of the developmentally regulated beta A-, beta C-, and gamma-globin genes of the goat.山羊发育调控的βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因5'端的异常序列同源性。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7127-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7127.
2
The isolation of the beta A-, beta C-, and gamma-globin genes and a presumptive embryonic globin gene from a goat DNA recombinant library.从山羊DNA重组文库中分离出βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因以及一个假定的胚胎珠蛋白基因。
J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6355-67.
3
Structure and evolution of goat gamma-, beta C- and beta A-globin genes: three developmentally regulated genes contain inserted elements.山羊γ-、βC-和βA-珠蛋白基因的结构与进化：三个受发育调控的基因含有插入元件。
Cell. 1981 Dec;27(2 Pt 1):359-69. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90419-0.
4
Hemoglobin switching in sheep. Isolation of the fetal gamma-globin gene and demonstration that the fetal gamma- and adult beta A-globin genes lie within eight kilobase segments of homologous DNA.绵羊中的血红蛋白转换。胎儿γ-珠蛋白基因的分离以及胎儿γ-珠蛋白基因和成人βA-珠蛋白基因位于同源DNA的8千碱基片段内的证明。
J Biol Chem. 1981 Feb 25;256(4):1975-82.
5
Organization, structure, and expression of the goat globin genes.山羊珠蛋白基因的组织、结构及表达
Prog Clin Biol Res. 1983;134:131-9.
6
Structural organization of the alpha and beta globin loci of the goat.山羊α和β珠蛋白基因座的结构组织
Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;191:67-79.
7
Sequence and linkage of the goat epsilon I and epsilon II beta-globin genes.山羊εI和εIIβ-珠蛋白基因的序列与连锁关系。
J Mol Biol. 1983 Sep 5;169(1):31-52. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80174-0.
8
The nucleotide sequence of the 5' untranslated region of human gamma-globin mRNA.人类γ-珠蛋白信使核糖核酸5'非翻译区的核苷酸序列。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Oct;5(10):3515-22. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.10.3515.
9
Restriction endonuclease accessibility of the developmentally regulated goat gamma-, beta C-, and beta A-globin genes in chromatin. Differences in 5' regions which show unusually high sequence homology.发育调控的山羊γ-、βC-和βA-珠蛋白基因在染色质中的限制性内切核酸酶可及性。5'区域存在差异，这些区域显示出异常高的序列同源性。
J Biol Chem. 1984 Dec 25;259(24):15497-501.
10
gamma-beta-Thalassaemia studies showing that deletion of the gamma- and delta-genes influences beta-globin gene expression in man.γ-β地中海贫血研究表明，γ基因和δ基因的缺失会影响人类β珠蛋白基因的表达。
Nature. 1980 Feb 14;283(5748):637-42. doi: 10.1038/283637a0.

引用本文的文献

1
Evolutionarily conserved elements in the 5' untranslated region of beta globin mRNA mediate site-specific priming of a unique hairpin structure during cDNA synthesis.β珠蛋白mRNA 5'非翻译区的进化保守元件在cDNA合成过程中介导独特发夹结构的位点特异性引发。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Dec 11;22(24):5302-9. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.24.5302.
2
The DNA sequence of the 5' flanking region of the human beta-globin gene: evolutionary conservation and polymorphic differences.人类β-珠蛋白基因5'侧翼区的DNA序列：进化保守性与多态性差异
Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Mar 25;10(6):2109-20. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.6.2109.
3
Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs.真核生物mRNA翻译起始位点上游序列的汇编与分析。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 25;12(2):857-72. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.2.857.
4
Triplication of a four-gene set during evolution of the goat beta-globin locus produced three genes now expressed differentially during development.在山羊β-珠蛋白基因座进化过程中，一个四基因组合的三倍化产生了三个在发育过程中差异表达的基因。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(21):6589-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.21.6589.
5
Ruminant globin gene structures suggest an evolutionary role for Alu-type repeats.反刍动物珠蛋白基因结构表明Alu型重复序列具有进化作用。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Feb 10;12(3):1641-55. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.3.1641.
6
Physical characteristics in eucaryotic promoters.真核生物启动子中的物理特征。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jul 11;11(13):4521-40. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.13.4521.
7
Nucleotide sequences of the murine retrovirus Friend SFFVp long terminal repeats: identification of a structure with extensive dyad symmetry 5' to the TATA box.鼠逆转录病毒弗瑞德脾脏形成病毒粒子（Friend SFFVp）长末端重复序列的核苷酸序列：在TATA框5'端鉴定出具有广泛二重对称的结构。
Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 25;10(10):3315-30. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.10.3315.
8
Transcription of the beta-like globin genes and pseudogenes of the goat in a cell-free system.山羊β样珠蛋白基因和假基因在无细胞系统中的转录
Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Sep 11;9(17):4339-54. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.17.4339.
9
Hemoglobin Long Island is caused by a single mutation (adenine to cytosine) resulting in a failure to cleave amino-terminal methionine.长岛血红蛋白是由单个突变（腺嘌呤突变为胞嘧啶）引起的，导致氨基末端甲硫氨酸无法被切割。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jan;83(1):24-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.1.24.
10
Chromatin fine-structure mapping of the goat beta F gene in fetal erythroid tissue.山羊βF基因在胎儿红细胞组织中的染色质精细结构图谱分析。
Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Aug;7(8):2772-82. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.8.2772-2782.1987.

本文引用的文献

1
Accurate transcription initiation on a purified mouse beta-globin DNA fragment in a cell-free system.在无细胞体系中，在纯化的小鼠β-珠蛋白DNA片段上进行准确的转录起始。
Cell. 1980 Jul;20(3):691-9. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90315-3.
2
A control region in the center of the 5S RNA gene directs specific initiation of transcription: II. The 3' border of the region.5S RNA基因中心的一个控制区域指导转录的特异性起始：II. 该区域的3'边界。
Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):27-35. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90385-2.
3
A control region in the center of the 5S RNA gene directs specific initiation of transcription: I. The 5' border of the region.5S RNA基因中心的一个控制区域指导转录的特异性起始：I. 该区域的5'边界。
Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):13-25. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90384-0.
4
Identification of regulatory sequences in the prelude sequences of an H2A histone gene by the study of specific deletion mutants in vivo.通过对体内特定缺失突变体的研究鉴定H2A组蛋白基因前奏序列中的调控序列。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1432-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.3.1432.
5
The isolation of the beta A-, beta C-, and gamma-globin genes and a presumptive embryonic globin gene from a goat DNA recombinant library.从山羊DNA重组文库中分离出βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因以及一个假定的胚胎珠蛋白基因。
J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6355-67.
6
Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages.通过碱基特异性化学切割对末端标记的DNA进行测序。
Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499-560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9.
7
Nucleotide sequence analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid. VI. Determination of 3'-terminal dnucleotide sequences of several species of duplex deoxyribonucleic acid using Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I.脱氧核糖核酸的核苷酸序列分析。VI. 使用大肠杆菌脱氧核糖核酸聚合酶I测定几种双链脱氧核糖核酸的3'-末端二核苷酸序列
J Biol Chem. 1972 Jul 25;247(14):4654-60.
8
Multiple cistrons for fetal hemoglobin in man.人类胎儿血红蛋白的多个顺反子。
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1974 Nov 29;241(0):70-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb21867.x.
9
A system for mapping DNA sequences in the chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster.一种用于绘制黑腹果蝇染色体中DNA序列图谱的系统。
Cell. 1974 Dec;3(4):315-25. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(74)90045-2.
10
Embryonic and fetal hemoglobin in animals.动物中的胚胎血红蛋白和胎儿血红蛋白。
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1974 Nov 29;241(0):653-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb21921.x.

山羊发育调控的βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因5'端的异常序列同源性。

Unusual sequence homology at the 5-ends of the developmentally regulated beta A-, beta C-, and gamma-globin genes of the goat.

作者信息

Haynes J R, Rosteck P, Lingrel J B

出版信息

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7127-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7127.

DOI:10.1073/pnas.77.12.7127
PMID:6164057
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC350454/
Abstract

We have constructed a recombinant library of goat DNA and have isolated clones containing the beta A-, beta C-, and gamma-globin genes and a presumptive embryonic globin gene. These genes are switched on and off during development and, thus, provide a model system for the study of gene regulation. To identify regions that may be involved in this switch, we determined the sequence of the areas surrounding the 5' ends of the beta A-, beta C- and gamma-globin genes. Surprisingly, the sequences of the beta A-, and beta C-globin genes are identical, beginning with the translation initiation codon and extending 131 base pairs (bp) in the 5' direction. At this point, two nucleotide differences are seen and only six additional differences are encountered when the sequences are extended 144 bp further in the 5' direction. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequence of the 5' end of the gamma-globin gene is very similar to those of the beta A-0, and beta C-globin genes. Only three nucleotide differences are found in the gamma-globin gene within the 131-bp region in which the beta A- and beta C-globin genes are identical. We conclude that this identical region cannot contain regulatory signals that mediate the switch from beta C to beta A expression.

摘要

我们构建了一个山羊DNA重组文库，并分离出了包含βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因以及一个推测的胚胎珠蛋白基因的克隆。这些基因在发育过程中开启和关闭，因此为研究基因调控提供了一个模型系统。为了确定可能参与这种转换的区域，我们测定了βA-、βC-和γ-珠蛋白基因5'端周围区域的序列。令人惊讶的是，βA-和βC-珠蛋白基因的序列是相同的，从翻译起始密码子开始，在5'方向延伸131个碱基对（bp）。在这一点上，出现了两个核苷酸差异，当序列在5'方向进一步延伸144 bp时，只遇到另外六个差异。此外，γ-珠蛋白基因5'端的核苷酸序列与βA-0和βC-珠蛋白基因的序列非常相似。在βA-和βC-珠蛋白基因相同的131-bp区域内，γ-珠蛋白基因中只发现了三个核苷酸差异。我们得出结论，这个相同的区域不可能包含介导从βC表达转换为βA表达的调控信号。