Erspamer V, Melchiorri P, Broccardo M, Erspamer G F, Falaschi P, Improota G, Negri L, Renda T
Peptides. 1981;2 Suppl 2:7-16. doi: 10.1016/0196-9781(81)90003-6.
New data on tachykinins and bombesins are displayed and the present situation of research on the novel amphibian skin peptides sauvagine and dermorphin is illustrated. The potent stimulant effect of sauvagine on ACTH and beta-endorphin release has been confirmed both in vivo and on columns of isolated and dispersed rat pituitary cells, and similarly the potent inhibitory effect on PRL and GH release, both in the rat and man. Particular emphasis is laid on the occurrence of sauvagine-like immunoreactivity in fish urophysis and in amphibian nervous structures, including the retina. It is suggested that the long-searched corticotropin releasing factor and PRL release-inhibiting factor may be a sauvagine-like peptide. Dermorphin, in its turn, has been found to cause, by intracerebroventricular injection, not only analgesia and catalepsy, but also conspicuous EEG and behavioral changes in the rabbit and chick, as well as a sharp reduction in gastric emptying time and gastric acid output in the rat, together with marked stimulation of PRL release.
展示了速激肽和蛙皮素的新数据，并阐述了新型两栖类皮肤肽 sauvagine 和 dermorphin 的研究现状。已证实，sauvagine 对促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和β-内啡肽释放具有强效刺激作用，这在体内以及分离和分散的大鼠垂体细胞柱上均得到了证实；同样，它对大鼠和人类的催乳素（PRL）和生长激素（GH）释放具有强效抑制作用。特别强调了 sauvagine 样免疫反应性在鱼的尾垂体以及两栖类神经结构（包括视网膜）中的存在。有人提出，长期寻找的促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子和催乳素释放抑制因子可能是一种 sauvagine 样肽。另一方面，已发现通过脑室内注射 dermorphin，不仅会导致兔和鸡出现镇痛和僵住症，还会引起明显的脑电图和行为变化，以及大鼠胃排空时间和胃酸分泌量急剧减少，同时显著刺激催乳素释放。
