Axelsson K H, Edström H H, Sundberg A E, Widman G B
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1982 Oct;26(5):439-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1982.tb01796.x.
Different volumes (1.5, 2, 3 and 4 ml) of hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine (8% glucose) were compared in spinal anaesthesia for urological surgery in 40 patients. The blockade was given with the patient in the sitting position. Two minutes after the injection the patient was placed in the lithotomy position. The time required for maximum cephalad spread of analgesia was about 20 min for all volumes. The maximum cephalad spread was directly related to log volume of the local anaesthetic solution. The onset time for motor blockade of the lower limbs decreased and the frequency increased with increasing volume. Four ml produced complete blockade in all patients. The duration of analgesia increased with increasing volume: 3-4 ml produced analgesia at T8 for 1.5-2.5 h and at L1 for 2-3 h. With this volume, complete motor blockade was obtained for 1.5-2.5 h. Satisfactory surgical anaesthesia for transurethral resection was obtained with 3-4 ml of the local anaesthetic solution.
在40例泌尿外科手术患者的脊髓麻醉中，比较了不同体积（1.5、2、3和4毫升）的高压0.5%布比卡因（8%葡萄糖）。患者取坐位进行阻滞。注射后两分钟，患者置于截石位。所有体积的镇痛作用向头侧最大扩散所需时间约为20分钟。最大头侧扩散与局麻溶液的对数体积直接相关。随着体积增加，下肢运动阻滞的起效时间缩短，频率增加。4毫升在所有患者中产生了完全阻滞。镇痛持续时间随体积增加而延长：3 - 4毫升在T8产生1.5 - 2.5小时的镇痛，在L1产生2 - 3小时的镇痛。使用该体积时，可获得1.5 - 2.5小时的完全运动阻滞。使用3 - 4毫升局麻溶液可获得满意的经尿道切除术手术麻醉效果。
