Chain B M, Anderson R S
J Histochem Cytochem. 1983 May;31(5):601-7. doi: 10.1177/31.5.6188780.
A number of cytochemical parameters of the hemocytes of larval Galleria mellonella, an insect frequently used as a model by comparative cellular immunologists, are described. Cytochemical methods were used to quantify hemocyte granule-associated components, the results are compared to those obtained for leukocytes from higher animals. Granulocytes contained a population of nonlysosomal granules rich in mucopolysaccharide not seen in plasmatocytes. The numbers and dimensions of these granules showed a positive correlation to cell size, probably reflecting a developmental sequence in granulocyte maturation. Both granulocytes and plasmatocytes had other granules containing the typical lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, esterase, and lysozyme. The nonlysosomal enzyme alkaline phosphatase was not found in Galleria hemocytes; it is also absent from vertebrate monocytes, macrophages, and immature polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Insect hemocytes appear to lack certain components of antibacterial systems typical of mammalian blood cells, such as H2O2-generating systems, cationic proteins, and myeloperoxidase. The bactericidal mechanisms of hemocytes probably involve lysozyme, as well as other biologically active cellular and humoral factors unique to insects.
描述了大蜡螟幼虫血细胞的一些细胞化学参数，大蜡螟是比较细胞免疫学家经常用作模型的一种昆虫。采用细胞化学方法对血细胞颗粒相关成分进行定量分析，并将结果与高等动物白细胞的结果进行比较。粒细胞含有一群富含粘多糖的非溶酶体颗粒，而在浆细胞中未观察到这种颗粒。这些颗粒的数量和大小与细胞大小呈正相关，这可能反映了粒细胞成熟的发育顺序。粒细胞和浆细胞都有其他含有典型溶酶体酶、酸性磷酸酶、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶、酯酶和溶菌酶的颗粒。在大蜡螟血细胞中未发现非溶酶体酶碱性磷酸酶；在脊椎动物单核细胞、巨噬细胞和未成熟多形核白细胞中也不存在。昆虫血细胞似乎缺乏哺乳动物血细胞典型的某些抗菌系统成分，如产生过氧化氢的系统、阳离子蛋白和髓过氧化物酶。血细胞的杀菌机制可能涉及溶菌酶，以及昆虫特有的其他生物活性细胞和体液因子。
