Møoller N E, Skov P S, Norn S
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1984 Aug;55(2):139-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1984.tb01976.x.
Allergic and pseudo-allergic reactions were examined in penicillin factory workers exposed to the dust of preparations of pivampicillin and pivmecillinam. Among 14 workers basophils from five persons showed histamine release by challenge with penicillins, whereas no release was observed in controls of non-atopic individuals not working with the manufacturing of penicillin. Positive skin response was obtained in four workers by path testing and in three persons by scratch test revealing late but no immediate response. All the eight workers who were also exposed to flavour additives used in the penicillin preparations showed histamine release by cocoa and peppermint. The release was not changed by removal of immunoglobulins from the basophil cell surface and the additives caused a similar release in the controls. The histamine release caused by cocoa and peppermint therefore depend on non-immunological mechanisms, i.e. pseudo-allergic reactions which might contribute to the symptoms in penicillin factory workers.
对接触匹氨西林和匹美西林制剂粉尘的青霉素厂工人的过敏反应和假过敏反应进行了检查。在14名工人中，5人的嗜碱性粒细胞在用青霉素激发后出现组胺释放，而在不从事青霉素生产的非特应性个体对照组中未观察到释放。4名工人通过皮试呈阳性反应，3人通过划痕试验呈阳性反应，显示为迟发但无即刻反应。所有8名同时接触青霉素制剂中使用的调味添加剂的工人，其嗜碱性粒细胞在用可可和薄荷激发后出现组胺释放。从嗜碱性粒细胞表面去除免疫球蛋白后，释放情况未改变，且添加剂在对照组中也引起了类似的释放。因此，可可和薄荷引起的组胺释放依赖于非免疫机制，即假过敏反应，这可能是青霉素厂工人出现症状的原因之一。
