Jarvis S, Rolfe H
Scand J Rehabil Med. 1982;14(4):167-76.
In an attempt to provide information for improvements in the design of wheelchairs for children a simulated wheelchair rig has been developed incorporating an original form of dynamometer to examine propulsion factors. 54 children who were experienced users of hand-propelled wheelchairs and 32 able-bodied controls were individually fitted with seats on this test rig and each performed a series of up to fifty subtests. The principal conclusions are that nearly all children who use wheelchairs, even those proficient users with apparently normal arms, are actually weaker than their able-bodied peers; that evidence for changes in wheelchair propulsion design based on the performance of able-bodied subjects or on isometric tests of strength are likely to be misleading; that an improvement of up to 30% in propulsion performance can be obtained by optimal positioning of conventional wheelrims relative to the user; and that this positioning is most crucial for the weaker children, particularly those with cerebral palsy.
为了给改进儿童轮椅设计提供信息，已开发出一种模拟轮椅装置，该装置包含一种原始形式的测力计，用于研究推进因素。54名有手动轮椅使用经验的儿童和32名身体健全的对照者分别在这个测试装置上安装座位，并各自进行了一系列多达五十项的子测试。主要结论是，几乎所有使用轮椅的儿童，即使是那些手臂看似正常的熟练使用者，实际上都比身体健全的同龄人虚弱；基于身体健全受试者的表现或力量等长测试来改变轮椅推进设计的证据可能会产生误导；通过将传统轮辋相对于使用者进行最佳定位，推进性能可提高多达30%；而且这种定位对较弱的儿童，尤其是患有脑瘫的儿童最为关键。
