Butters N
J Clin Neuropsychol. 1984 Feb;6(1):17-36. doi: 10.1080/01688638408401193.
Many of the standardized memory tests employed by clinical neuropsychologists fail to demonstrate important differences in the memory disorders of amnesic and demented patients. To exemplify this heterogeneity of amnesic symptoms, the anterograde and retrograde amnesias of patients with Huntington's Disease (HD) and of patients with alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome are compared. While both patient groups have similar MQs, they differ dramatically in their recall and recognition memory and in their ability to acquire procedural (rule-based) information. The Korsakoff patients are impaired in both recall and recognition memory but are able to acquire and retain mirror reading skills. In contrast, the patients with HD are impaired in their acquisition of procedural knowledge and in verbal recall although their recognition memory approaches normality. The importance of such information for the assessment of the patients' memory disorders is discussed.
临床神经心理学家采用的许多标准化记忆测试未能显示出失忆症患者和痴呆症患者记忆障碍的重要差异。为了例证失忆症状的这种异质性，本文比较了亨廷顿舞蹈症（HD）患者和酒精性柯萨科夫综合征患者的顺行性和逆行性失忆症。虽然这两组患者的智力商数（MQ）相似，但他们在回忆和识别记忆以及获取程序性（基于规则）信息的能力方面存在显著差异。柯萨科夫综合征患者在回忆和识别记忆方面均受损，但能够习得并保留镜像阅读技能。相比之下，HD患者在程序性知识的获取和言语回忆方面受损，尽管他们的识别记忆接近正常水平。本文还讨论了此类信息对于评估患者记忆障碍的重要性。
