Chamove A S
J Ment Defic Res. 1984 Mar;28 (Pt 1):21-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1984.tb01599.x.
Sixteen rhesus monkeys were either subjected to diets high in phenylalanine or parachlorophenyalanine either pre- or postpartum; there were 16 controls. Subjects were tested after removal from the PKU diet on a series of learning tasks. No support was found for suggestions that PKU monkeys a do worse if task difficulty is increased or b have an attentional or short-term memory storage deficit. Equivocal support was found suggesting that c PKU monkeys may have stronger initial biases and d do not attend to the relevant dimension. The most support was found for the hypothesis that e PKU subjects are more emotional which would account for a disruption in performance following negative reinforcement, and difficulty in changing an initial or a learned response pattern. The literature on learning in human PKU and induced PKU in animals is reviewed.
16只恒河猴在产前或产后接受了高苯丙氨酸或对氯苯丙氨酸饮食；另有16只作为对照。在从苯丙酮尿症饮食中去除后，对实验对象进行了一系列学习任务测试。没有证据支持以下观点：a. 如果任务难度增加，苯丙酮尿症猴子的表现会更差；b. 苯丙酮尿症猴子存在注意力或短期记忆存储缺陷。有不确定的证据支持：c. 苯丙酮尿症猴子可能有更强的初始偏好；d. 不关注相关维度。最有力的证据支持了以下假设：e. 苯丙酮尿症实验对象更情绪化，这可以解释负强化后表现的中断，以及改变初始或习得反应模式的困难。本文还综述了关于人类苯丙酮尿症和动物诱导型苯丙酮尿症学习的文献。
