Lacal J C, Vázquez D, Fernandez-Sousa J M, Carrasco L
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1980 Apr;33(4):441-6. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.33.441.
Several antibiotics including anthelmycin, blasticidin S, destomycin A, gougerotin, hygromycin B and edeine complex, known to powerfully block translation in cell-free systems, did neither inhibit protein synthesis in intact mouse L and 3T6 cells, nor in hamster BHK 21 cells, due to failure to cross the cell plasma membrane. However, after viral infection, these antibiotics exhibited a marked blockade of translation, that is related to the permeability changes induced by viral infection. The inhibition of protein synthesis by hygromycin B in virus-infected cells was studied over the time course of infection, both in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mouse L cells and in Semliki forest virus-infected hamster BHK cells. We have observed that the entry of hygromycin B into virus-infected cells parallels the inhibition of cellular protein synthesis, i.e., the cells became permeable to this antibiotic at the time the shut-off of host translation occurred. A marked inhibition of picornavirus RNA synthesis by hygromycin B was also noticed, likely as a consequence of the inhibition of the viral replicase synthesis. Finally, a reduction in the virus yield by treatment of virus-infected cells with several antibiotics is also described. All these observations are considered in the context of the interference of viral infection with cellular functions and the potential use of inhibitors non-permeable to normal cells as antiviral agents.
几种抗生素，包括抗霉素、杀稻瘟菌素S、龟裂链霉菌素A、谷氏菌素、潮霉素B和伊短菌素复合物，已知它们在无细胞系统中能强力阻断翻译过程，但由于无法穿过细胞质膜，它们既不抑制完整的小鼠L细胞和3T6细胞中的蛋白质合成，也不抑制仓鼠BHK 21细胞中的蛋白质合成。然而，在病毒感染后，这些抗生素表现出明显的翻译阻断作用，这与病毒感染引起的通透性变化有关。在脑心肌炎病毒感染的小鼠L细胞和Semliki森林病毒感染的仓鼠BHK细胞中，研究了潮霉素B在病毒感染过程中对蛋白质合成的抑制作用。我们观察到，潮霉素B进入病毒感染细胞的过程与细胞蛋白质合成的抑制过程平行，即在宿主翻译关闭时，细胞对这种抗生素变得通透。还注意到潮霉素B对小核糖核酸病毒RNA合成有明显抑制作用，这可能是抑制病毒复制酶合成的结果。最后，还描述了用几种抗生素处理病毒感染细胞会导致病毒产量降低。所有这些观察结果都在病毒感染对细胞功能的干扰以及正常细胞不可通透的抑制剂作为抗病毒剂的潜在用途的背景下进行了考虑。
