Schild G C, Wood J M, Minor P D, Dandawate C N, Magrath D I
Dev Biol Stand. 1981;47:77-85.
The reactions of polioviruses in single-radial-immuno diffusion (SRD) tests were investigated with a view to developing accurate and sensitive antigen assay systems. In direct SRD tests, employing high concentrations of immune poliovirus serum in agarose gels, poliovirus D antigens produced D antigens produced clear reaction zones demonstrated by protein staining. The reactions were type specific for polioviruses of types 1, 2 and 3 but the tests were of low sensitivity being applicable only to the assay of virus concentrates. A novel autoradiographic zone size enhancement (ZE) test was developed which increased the sensitivity of the SRD assay 40--100 fold. The ZE test was dependent upon the ability of unlabelled poliovirus to co-migrate with the radioactive marker virus and so enhance the zone-size detected autoradiographically. The areas of the autoradiographic zones were directly proportional to the concentration of unlabelled antigen. The ZE test was capable of detecting poliovirus D antigens in diluted cell culture fluid harvests in amounts corresponding to 103.3 - 104.3 TCD50 of infectious virus.
为了开发准确且灵敏的抗原检测系统，对脊髓灰质炎病毒在单向辐射免疫扩散（SRD）试验中的反应进行了研究。在直接SRD试验中，在琼脂糖凝胶中使用高浓度的脊髓灰质炎免疫血清，脊髓灰质炎病毒D抗原产生的D抗原通过蛋白质染色显示出清晰的反应区。这些反应对1型、2型和3型脊髓灰质炎病毒具有型特异性，但该试验灵敏度较低，仅适用于病毒浓缩物的检测。开发了一种新型放射自显影区带大小增强（ZE）试验，该试验将SRD检测的灵敏度提高了40至100倍。ZE试验依赖于未标记的脊髓灰质炎病毒与放射性标记病毒共同迁移的能力，从而增强放射自显影检测到的区带大小。放射自显影区带的面积与未标记抗原的浓度成正比。ZE试验能够检测稀释的细胞培养液收获物中的脊髓灰质炎病毒D抗原，其含量相当于103.3 - 104.3个感染性病毒的TCD50。
