Burrows G E
Equine Vet J. 1981 Apr;13(2):89-94. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1981.tb04120.x.
Endotoxins are non-protein fragments of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. They must be absorbed into the circulation to produce disease and systemic effects are similar, regardless of bacterial source. Absorption of endotoxins occurs in obstructive bowel disease and may play a significant part in determining the severity of the disease. Many of the responses to experimentally administered endotoxin are identical to those of bowel diseases or the horse and include circulatory, haematological and metabolic alterations. Therapeutic approaches are indirect and include many drugs currently employed in equine practice. The agents are directed toward mediators of the disease rather than the endotoxins themselves and include fluids, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, energy sources and vasoactive drugs. The rationale for use and dosages are discussed.
内毒素是革兰氏阴性菌细胞壁的非蛋白质片段。它们必须被吸收进入循环系统才能致病，且无论细菌来源如何，全身效应都相似。内毒素在梗阻性肠道疾病中会被吸收，可能在决定疾病严重程度方面起重要作用。许多对实验性给予内毒素的反应与肠道疾病或马匹的反应相同，包括循环、血液学和代谢改变。治疗方法是间接的，包括目前在马医学实践中使用的许多药物。这些药物针对的是疾病的介质而非内毒素本身，包括液体、皮质类固醇、抗炎药、能量来源和血管活性药物。文中讨论了使用的原理和剂量。
