Hormonal regulation of retinoic acid-binding proteins in the mammary gland.

A cytosolic retinoic acid-binding (RAB) protein that sediments specifically as a 2S component on sucrose density gradients was detected in the mammary glands of virgin, pregnant and lactating rats. Mammary cytosol from pregnant rats contained significantly higher concentrations of cytosolic RAB protein than did cytosol from either virgin or lactating rats. The glands of pregnant animals exhibited increased concentration of cytosolic RAB protein during the first 5 days of pregnancy, and a steady decline was observed thereafter. The concentration of cytosolic RAB protein dropped to the value observed during lactation on the day 20 of pregnancy. Moreover, throughout lactation, low concentrations of cytosolic RAB protein were maintained. Daily treatment of virgin and lactating animals with 5 micrograms of oestradiol-17 beta for 1 week increased cytosolic RAB protein to concentrations comparable with those seen in pregnant rats. Progesterone, however, did not affect the mammary cytosolic RAB protein content of virgin rats. These results suggest hormonal involvement in the regulation of cytosolic RAB protein concentration of mammary gland during differentiation.