Galanter M
Curr Alcohol. 1981;8:183-94.
The social context in which alcoholism treatment takes place contributes greatly to its nature and outcome. This issue is examined in two socialist countries, based on site visits and literature review. A hospital-based treatment program and its related social Club system in Yugoslavia are part of a close-knit national treatment network oriented toward self-help and peer therapy. The principal approaches to alcoholism treatment in the USSR are closely integrated into the Communist social and political structure, and include sobering-up stations, factory-based clinics, hospital-based inpatient and outpatient facilities, and a quasi-penal system for recidivists. The impact of the following issues on alcoholism treatment is discussed: (1) the public information system, in both ideology and propaganda; (2) the state's regulation of deviant behavior, as a component of the medical treatment system; and finally, (3) the acceptable role for peer treatment in a given social context.
酗酒治疗所处的社会环境对其性质和结果有很大影响。基于实地考察和文献综述，在两个社会主义国家对这一问题进行了研究。南斯拉夫以医院为基础的治疗项目及其相关的社会俱乐部系统是紧密结合的全国性治疗网络的一部分，该网络以自助和同伴治疗为导向。苏联酗酒治疗的主要方法紧密融入共产主义社会和政治结构，包括戒酒站、工厂诊所、医院住院和门诊设施，以及针对累犯的准刑罚系统。讨论了以下问题对酗酒治疗的影响：（1）意识形态和宣传方面的公共信息系统；（2）国家对越轨行为的监管，作为医疗系统的一个组成部分；最后，（3）同伴治疗在特定社会环境中可接受的作用。
