Frerichs G N, Woods S B, Lucas M H, Sands J J
Vet Rec. 1982 Aug 7;111(6):116-22. doi: 10.1136/vr.111.6.116.
Two commercial live virus infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) vaccines for intranasal administration and an inactivated polyvalent calf pneumonia vaccine were compared for safety and efficacy in calves against experimental IBR infections. All three products were clinically safe for use in young calves; a mild, transient, febrile response was induced by one of the live vaccines. Vaccinal virus was recovered for up to 16 days after vaccination from nasal secretions of all calves given live vaccine. Both live vaccines stimulated a serum neutralising antibody response, but the inactivated vaccine failed to elicit any serological response. Following intranasal challenge four months after the first dose of vaccine, all live virus vaccinates remained systemically healthy. A slight nasal discharge and a few rapidly healing ulcers of the nasal mucosa were the only abnormalities observed. Both the group given the inactivated vaccine and the unvaccinated controls developed clinical IBR with pyrexia, ocular and nasal discharges, severe ulceration of the nasal mucosa and tracheitis and tachypnoea to varying degrees of severity. Parenteral administration of dexamethasone six months after challenge induced reactivation of virus shedding followed by a rise in humoral antibody titre irrespective of the original vaccination history.
对两种用于鼻内接种的市售牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）活病毒疫苗和一种灭活多价犊牛肺炎疫苗在犊牛中针对实验性IBR感染的安全性和有效性进行了比较。所有三种产品用于幼龄犊牛临床均安全；其中一种活疫苗引起了轻微、短暂的发热反应。接种活疫苗的所有犊牛的鼻分泌物在接种后长达16天可检出疫苗病毒。两种活疫苗均刺激了血清中和抗体反应，但灭活疫苗未能引发任何血清学反应。在首剂疫苗接种四个月后进行鼻内攻毒，所有接种活病毒疫苗的犊牛全身保持健康。仅观察到轻微鼻液流出和鼻黏膜少数迅速愈合的溃疡。接种灭活疫苗的组和未接种疫苗的对照组均出现了临床IBR，伴有发热、眼鼻分泌物、鼻黏膜严重溃疡、气管炎和不同程度的呼吸急促。攻毒六个月后肌肉注射地塞米松导致病毒排出重新激活，随后体液抗体滴度升高，与最初的疫苗接种史无关。
