Spector M, Garden N M, Rous S N
Br J Urol. 1978 Feb;50(1):12-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1978.tb02757.x.
The ultrastructure of human urinary calculi was studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The hydroxyapatite constituent of the stones was often present in the form of sperical aggregates of the minute apatite crystallites (1 to 10 mu in diameter). In most cases, the sperical apatite deposits consisted of concentric lamellae of crystallites. The spherical apatite deposits, described in detail for the first time in urolithiasis, were similar to those found in a variety of calcified tissues including nephrocalcinosis and malakoplakia.
利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对人类尿路结石的超微结构进行了研究。结石中的羟基磷灰石成分通常以微小磷灰石微晶（直径1至10微米）的球形聚集体形式存在。在大多数情况下，球形磷灰石沉积物由微晶的同心薄片组成。这种在尿石症中首次详细描述的球形磷灰石沉积物，与在包括肾钙质沉着症和软斑病在内的多种钙化组织中发现的沉积物相似。
