Jericho K W, Babiuk L A
Can J Comp Med. 1983 Apr;47(2):133-9.
Three experiments were conducted with calves in which, following intramuscular or intranasal vaccination with virulent or attenuated bovine herpesvirus 1, calves were protected against bovine herpesvirus 1 -- Pasteurella haemolytica challenge. Calves receiving low doses of vaccine had lower levels of antibody and greater evidence of virus replication upon challenge than those receiving higher doses. In contrast 11/13 unvaccinated controls had fibrino-purulent pneumonia following challenge. The immune response developed later in younger calves and those given low doses of vaccine. Neutralizing antibodies to bovine herpes-virus 1 were not found in nasal secretions, but were present in serum seven days after vaccination. Bovine herpesvirus 1 was isolated before challenge from nasal secretions of calves vaccinated intranasally or intramuscularly with virulent virus but not those vaccinated intramuscularly with vaccine virus. It was concluded that both routes of vaccination with either virulent or attenuated bovine herpesvirus 1 provided protection from challenge with homologous or heterologous bovine herpesvirus 1 and that live vaccines should contain at least 10(3) plaque forming units/dose for effective immunization.
对犊牛进行了三项实验，在实验中，用强毒或弱毒牛疱疹病毒1进行肌肉注射或鼻内接种后，犊牛受到保护，免受牛疱疹病毒1 - 溶血巴氏杆菌攻击。与接受高剂量疫苗的犊牛相比，接受低剂量疫苗的犊牛抗体水平较低，且在受到攻击时病毒复制的迹象更明显。相比之下，11/13未接种疫苗的对照组在受到攻击后出现了纤维蛋白脓性肺炎。免疫反应在较年幼的犊牛和接受低剂量疫苗的犊牛中出现得较晚。在鼻分泌物中未发现针对牛疱疹病毒1的中和抗体，但在接种疫苗七天后血清中出现了中和抗体。在用强毒病毒进行鼻内或肌肉注射接种的犊牛的鼻分泌物中，在受到攻击前分离出了牛疱疹病毒1，但在用疫苗病毒进行肌肉注射接种的犊牛的鼻分泌物中未分离出该病毒。得出的结论是，用强毒或弱毒牛疱疹病毒1进行的两种接种途径都能提供针对同源或异源牛疱疹病毒1攻击的保护，并且活疫苗每剂量应至少含有10(3)个空斑形成单位才能有效免疫。
